A tetrahedron shape is the simplest space truss, consisting of six members which meet at four joints. Space frame truss Ī space frame truss is a three-dimensional framework of members pinned at their ends. An optimum depth of the truss will maximize the efficiency. For a given span length, a deeper truss will require less material in the chords and greater material in the verticals and diagonals. A solid girder or beam of equal strength would have substantial weight and material cost as compared to a truss. The depth of a truss, or the height between the upper and lower chords, is what makes it an efficient structural form. Planar trusses are typically used in parallel to form roofs and bridges. Because of the stability of this shape and the methods of analysis used to calculate the forces within it, a truss composed entirely of triangles is known as a simple truss. This type of truss is seen in a framed roof consisting of rafters and a ceiling joist. The simplest form of a truss is one single triangle. In comparison, both the angles and the lengths of a four-sided figure must be fixed for it to retain its shape. A triangle is the simplest geometric figure that will not change shape when the lengths of the sides are fixed. A truss is composed of triangles because of the structural stability of that shape and design.
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